Semiconductor Optical Amplifiers

SEMICONDUCTOR OPTICAL AMPLIFIERS

Semiconductor optical amplifiers (SOAs) are essentially laser diodes, without end mirrors, which have fiber attached to both ends. They amplify any optical signal that comes from either fiber and transmit an amplified version of the signal out of the second fiber. SOAs are typically constructed in a small package, and they work for 1310 nm and 1550 nm systems. In addition, they transmit bidirectionally, making the reduced size of the device an advantage over regenerators of EDFAs. However, the drawbacks to SOAs include high-coupling loss, polarization dependence, and a higher noise figure. Figure 1 illustrates the basics of a Semiconductor optical amplifier.

Figure 1 – Semiconductor Optical Amplifier

Modern optical networks utilize SOAs in the follow ways: Power Boosters: Many tunable laser designs output low optical power levels and must be immediately followed by an optical amplifier. ( A power booster can use either an SOA or EDFA.) In-Line Amplifier: Allows signals to be amplified within the signal path. Wavelength Conversion: Involves changing the wavelength of an optical signal. Receiver Preamplifier: SOAs can be placed in front of detectors to enhance sensitivity.

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