GPON

GIGABIT PASSIVE OPTICAL NETWORK

(GPON)

Passive Optical Network that can reach transfer data until Gigabit (The general meaning of GPON). From that meaning, we know that GPON basic come from PON technology was developed. Passive optical network is an access technology based on the specification developed by Full Service Access Network (FSAN).
PON element :

• Optical Line Terminals (OLT) : OLT located in central office or in the head end of CATV provider.
• Optical Network Units (ONU) : ONU is interface between optical fibre and copper-based (user’s level)

At PON use passive splitters divide the Downstream signal from the OLT to the subtending ONUs. Each OLT/ONU is responsible for determining which data are intended for it, and ignoring all others.
The Upstream signal  support by Time-Division Multiple Access (TDMA) with transmitter in the ONUs.
GPON use FTTx technology :

1. Fibre-to-the-Home (FTTH)
2. Fibre-to-the-Building/Curb (FTTB/C)
3. Fibre-to-the-Cabinet (FTTCab)

Each home is connected to the fibre backbone network. A fibre to the home offer a bandwith to carry out application that require a high bit rate as high definition music, research, movie etc at home.

Acces Network Technology

FTTx Network

One singlemode fiber strand runs to a passive optical power splitter near user’s location. Splitter divides the optical power into N separate paths to the subscribers. From the optical splitter, individual singlemode fiber stand run to each user (home, businesses, etc). The optical fiber trasnmission span from the central office to the each user can be up to 20km.

GPON has standard of different line transmission rates for downstream and upstream direction.

• Downstream

Bitrate : 1244.16 Mbit/s ; 2488.32 Mbit/s

• Upstream

Bitrate :  155.52 Mbit/s ; 622.08 Mbit/s ; 1244.16 Mbit/s ; 2488.32 Mbit/s

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